Camille Flammarion (1842-1925) began his career at 16 as a human computer under the great mathematician U. J. J. Le Verrier at the Paris Observatory. He soon tired of the drudgery; he was drawn to more romantic vistas, and at 19 wrote a book on an idea that he was to make his ownthe habitability of other worlds. There followed a career as Frances greatest popularizer of astronomy, with over 60 titles to his credit. An admirer granted him a chateau at Juvisy-sur-lOrge, and he set up a first-rate observatory dedicated to the study of the planet Mars. Finally, in 1892, he published his masterpiece, La Planete Mars et ses conditions dhabitabilite, a comprehensive summary of three centuries worth of literature on Mars, much of it based on his own personal research into rare memoirs and archives. As a history of that era, it has never been surpassed, and remains one of a handful of indispensable books on the red planet. Sir Patrick Moore (1923-2012) needs no introduction; his record of popularizing astronomy in Britain in the 20th century equaled Flammarions in France in the 19th century. Moore pounded out hundreds of books as well as served as presenter of the BBCs TV program Sky at Night program for 55 years (a world record). Though Moore always insisted that the Moon was his chef-doeuvre, Mars came a close second, and in 1980 he produced a typescript of Flammarions classic. Unfortunately, even he found the project too daunting for his publish ers and passed the torch of keeping the project alive to a friend, the amateur astronomer and author William Sheehan, in 1993. Widely regarded as a leading historian of the planet Mars, Sheehan has not only meticulously compared and corrected Moores manuscript against Flammarions original so as to produce an authoritative text, he has added an important introduction showing the books significance in the history of Mars studies. Here results a book that remains an invaluable resource andis also a literary tour-de-force, in which the inimitable style of Flammarion has been rendered in the equally unique style of Moore.