Advanced intervertebral disc support formula, promoting healthy composition, strength, flexibility, and comfort This formula addresses the unique nutritional needs of intervertebral cartilage (IVC). IVC is avascular, wears differently, and is affected by different nutritional factors compared to articular cartilage. The basics of healthy disc composition involve glucosamine, chondroitin, and collagen. Studies indicate that glucosamine supports spinal disc integrity and has the potential to support the strength of the disc under compressive loads. In postmenopausal women, the healthy composition of the lumbar spine is directly related to collagen content. The advanced nature of this product involves its ability to maintain healthy advanced glycation end product activity, healthy immune mediator activity, and healthy calcium metabolism. Advanced glycation end products may reduce the ability of the intervertebral disc to produce proteoglycans, which comprise a healthy disc matrix. The age-related increase in advanced glycation end products may also contribute to the stiffening of the spine. l-Carnosine, alpha lipoic acid and grape seed extract help to maintain healthy advanced glycation end product metabolism and provide antioxidant protection. Cartilage end plate calcification also affects disc function and longevity. Vitamin K2 as menaquinone-7 maintains a healthy balance of calcium uptake into extra-skeletal tissues. Vitamin D is a synergist with vitamin K2 to help maintain healthy cartilage endplate calcium metabolism. Devil's claw supports day to day spinal comfort Spinal disc support formula Helps provide strength, flexibility, and comfort to spinal discs Helps maintain healthy calcium metabolismDietary ConsiderationsGluten Free Non-GMOServing Size:2 Vegetable CapsuleServings Per Container:60Amount Per Serving % Daily ValueVitamin D (as cholecalciferol) (D3) (400 IU) 10 mcg 50% Vitamin K2 (as menaquinone-7) 10 mcg BioCell Collagen hydrolyzed collagen complex (chicken sternal cartilage) 500 mg hydrolyzed collagen 60% 300 mg Glucosamine HCl (from crab, shrimp) 500 mg L-Carnosine (beta-alanyl-l-histidine) 75 mg Alpha lipoic acid (thioctic acid) 50 mg Devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens and Harpagophytum zeyheri) extract (root) (standardized to contain 5% harpagosides) 150 mg Indian frankincense (Boswellia serrata) extract (gum resin) (standardized to contain 70% boswellic acids) 100 mg Grape (Vitis vinifera) extract (seed) (standardized to contain 92% polyphenols) 50 mgOther Ingredientsvegetarian capsule (cellulose, water), ascorbyl palmitateSuggested UseAs a dietary supplement, take 2 capsules daily, with meals, or as directed by a health professional.WarningNot to be taken by pregnant or lactating women. Vitamin K may be contraindicated with Coumadin (Warfarin). If you have any health condition or are taking any medication, particularly blood thinning medication, consult your health professional before use. Keep out of the reach of children. Use only if safety seal is intact. Store in a cool, dry place. Contains shellfish (crab, shrimp).