Bearing Witness

This open access book is the biography of one of Britains foremost animal welfare campaigners and of the world of activism, science, and politics she inhabited. In 1964, Ruth Harrisons bestseller Animal Machines triggered a gear change in modern animal protection by popularising the term factory farming alongside a new way of thinking about animal welfare. Here, historian Claas Kirchhelle explores Harrisons avant-garde upbringing, Quakerism, and how animal welfare debates were linked to concerns about the wider ethical and environmental trajectories of post-war Britain. Breaking the myth of Harrison as a one-hit wonder, Kirchhelle reconstructs Harrisons 46 years of campaigning and the rapid transformation of welfare politics and science during this time. Exacerbated by Harrisons own actions, the decades after 1964 saw a polarisation of animal politics, a professionalisation of British activism, and the rise of a new animal welfare science. Harrisons belief in incremental reform allowed her to form ties to leading scientists but alienated her from more radical campaigners. Many of her 1964 demands gradually became part of mainstream politics. However, farm animal welfares increasing marketisation has also led to a relative divorce from the wider agenda of social improvement that Harrison once bore witness to. This is the first book to cast light on the interlinked histories of British farm animal welfare activism, science, and legislation. Its unique scope allows it to go beyond existing accounts of modern British animal welfare and will be of interest to those interested in animal welfare, environmentalism, and the behavioural sciences.